Aravalli Hills Are Dying Slowly: Why India’s Oldest Mountains Need Urgent Protection

Introduction

The Aravalli Hills, one of the oldest mountain ranges in the world, are once again in the news. Recent developments have raised serious concerns about illegal mining, deforestation, and rapid urban expansion in the region. Environmentalists warn that continued damage to the Aravallis could have long-term effects on climate, water, and public health. This issue is no longer just about hills—it is about the future of millions of people.

What Happened?

The Aravalli Hills have recently come under fresh scrutiny due to reports of environmental violations in several parts of the range, especially in Haryana, Rajasthan, and Delhi-NCR. Activists and local residents have highlighted ongoing illegal mining, construction activities, and tree cutting in protected and semi-protected areas.

In some regions, land that was once classified as forest or eco-sensitive has reportedly been used for real estate projects, roads, and commercial development. Despite existing environmental laws and court orders aimed at protecting the Aravallis, enforcement on the ground remains weak. Satellite images and field reports suggest that green cover is shrinking year after year.

Authorities have responded by promising investigations and stricter action, but critics say these measures often come too late. The damage caused by mining and construction is difficult to reverse, and each delay worsens the situation.

Background / History

The Aravalli mountain range is estimated to be over 1.5 billion years old, making it one of the oldest geological formations on Earth. Stretching about 800 kilometers from Gujarat through Rajasthan to Haryana and Delhi, the Aravallis play a crucial role in northern India’s ecology.

Historically, the Aravalli Hills acted as a natural barrier against desertification, preventing the Thar Desert from spreading eastward. The range supported rich biodiversity, forests, wildlife, and tribal communities for centuries. It also helped recharge groundwater and regulate temperature in surrounding regions.

However, over the last few decades, rapid urbanization and industrial growth have taken a heavy toll. Mining for stones and minerals, especially in the late 20th century, caused large-scale destruction. Although the Supreme Court imposed restrictions and bans on mining in many areas, illegal activities continued in various forms.

The expansion of cities like Gurugram, Faridabad, Jaipur, and parts of Delhi has further increased pressure on the Aravallis. What was once seen as “unused rocky land” is now viewed as prime real estate.

Why This Matters

The degradation of the Aravalli Hills is not just an environmental issue—it directly affects human life. The hills act as the “green lungs” of the region, especially for Delhi-NCR, one of the most polluted urban areas in the world. Forest loss in the Aravallis contributes to rising air pollution, dust storms, and extreme heat.

Water is another major concern. The Aravalli range helps recharge groundwater aquifers that supply water to millions of people. Damage to the hills reduces rainwater absorption, leading to water scarcity and frequent drought-like conditions.

Climate impact is equally serious. With fewer trees and rocky surfaces exposed, temperatures in nearby cities rise faster, increasing the risk of heatwaves. Wildlife habitats are also being destroyed, forcing animals into human areas and increasing conflict.

In simple words, harming the Aravallis means risking clean air, water security, climate balance, and biodiversity—all at once.

Public Reaction / Impact

Public reaction to the ongoing issues in the Aravalli Hills has been strong and emotional. Environmental groups, students, local communities, and climate activists have taken to social media to raise awareness. Hashtags related to saving the Aravallis often trend during major developments.

Several citizens have filed complaints and petitions demanding stricter action from authorities. Protests, tree-planting drives, and awareness campaigns have been organized to highlight the importance of protecting the hills. Many people see the Aravallis as a natural heritage that future generations deserve to inherit.

On the other hand, local communities face mixed impacts. While development brings jobs and infrastructure, it also leads to loss of traditional livelihoods, water shortages, and health problems due to pollution. The conflict between development and conservation has become sharper than ever.

The issue has also influenced policy discussions, with experts calling for clearer definitions of forest land, better monitoring using technology, and stronger penalties for violations.

Conclusion

The Aravalli Hills stand at a critical crossroads. What is happening today will decide whether this ancient mountain range survives or slowly disappears under concrete and dust. Protecting the Aravallis is not about stopping development—it is about choosing sustainable and responsible growth.

Strong laws already exist, but they need honest implementation and public support. Saving the Aravalli Hills means safeguarding air, water, climate, and life itself. The time to act is now, before the damage becomes irreversible. If protected with care and vision, the Aravallis can continue to protect us for generations to come.